{"id":5428,"date":"2022-03-29T09:08:46","date_gmt":"2022-03-29T09:08:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/?p=5428"},"modified":"2022-10-20T07:54:45","modified_gmt":"2022-10-20T07:54:45","slug":"waqf-poverty-alleviation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/","title":{"rendered":"Waqf for Poverty Alleviation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>By Adnan Opeyemi Salaudeen<\/em><\/strong>: Poverty is one of the primary challenges of humanity. One of the most critical missions of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), founded in 2010, is to eliminate poverty by 2030. Poverty is characterised as a situation in which a community or a segment of the population can only meet their basic needs, such as food, clothing, and shelter, to maintain a minimum standard of living.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Global Monitoring Report defined poverty as the proportion of the population that lives on less than USD1.25 a day. According to the World Bank, 2.8 billion people, or nearly half of the world\u2019s population, live on less than US$ 2 per day, and 1.2 billion live on less than $1 per day. Africa is one of the areas that is uniformly impacted by the threat of poverty. In Sub-Saharan Africa, more than 60% of the population live&nbsp;on less than US$1.25 a day. Almost 90% of Africa\u2019s poor people live on less than US$2 a day, and the rate of poverty is rising (World Bank, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The call for inclusive and sustainable development has intensified since the beginning of the 21st century. The concept of human wellbeing is central to all development agendas, policies and schemes. For the <a href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/5-major-benefits-social-finance-islam\/\" title=\"socio-economic \">socio-economic <\/a>development of the vulnerable sections of society, the provision of a solid social security net is indispensable. The scale and mechanisms of existing social security models may vary across national boundaries, but their underlying motives are almost the same.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_51_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-69db68d57b2ec\" ><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input aria-label=\"Toggle\" aria-label=\"item-69db68d57b2ec\"  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-69db68d57b2ec\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#SDG%E2%80%99s_and_the_objectives_of_the_shariah\" title=\"SDG\u2019s and the objectives of the shariah\">SDG\u2019s and the objectives of the shariah<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#Role_of_waqf\" title=\"Role of waqf\">Role of waqf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#Waqf_governance_and_management_framework\" title=\"Waqf governance and management framework\">Waqf governance and management framework<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#1_Waqif_Donor\" title=\"1) Waqif (Donor)\">1) Waqif (Donor)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#2_Nazir_Mutawalli\" title=\"2) Nazir (Mutawalli)\">2) Nazir (Mutawalli)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#3_Shariah_supervisory_function\" title=\"3) Shariah supervisory function\">3) Shariah supervisory function<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#4_Internal_Audit\" title=\"4) Internal Audit\">4) Internal Audit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/#5_External_Audit\" title=\"5) External Audit\">5) External Audit<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SDG%E2%80%99s_and_the_objectives_of_the_shariah\"><\/span>SDG\u2019s and the objectives of the shariah<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/51-1024x536.png\" alt=\"Poverty\" class=\"wp-image-5429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/51-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/51-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/51-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/51.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Little is it known that there is a close connection between SDG goals and the five objectives of shariah. This is where <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsadaqah.com\/blog\/waqf-4pillars-conditions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"waqf\">waqf<\/a> comes in as a suitable tool to promote SDG goals. Waqf is basically a shariah-based voluntary institution that is envisioned to function in line with the Maqasid al-Shariah (Objectives of Shariah) to achieve SDG goals. In this context, it is critical to underline that SDGs\u2019 framework has many commonalities with the Maqasid-based development agenda. For example, SDG\u2019s poverty and hunger eradication connect with the Maqasid\u2019s preservation of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comparing waqf with a conventional charitable trust, the high legal flexibility of waqf makes it more fit for achieving SDG goals than a charitable trust. The central focus of the Maqasid and SDGs is sustainable and inclusive growth. Maqasid-based development schemes require modern awqaf to be tweaked and the SDG framework\u2019s inclusiveness establishes a shared ground between them and the Maqasid. In fact, The Islamic Development Bank (IDB) has already taken an initiative to emphasize the potential role of awqaf to accomplish Maqasid-based SDG-like developmental goals, particularly among IDB member countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role_of_waqf\"><\/span>Role of waqf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/61-1024x536.png\" alt=\"Poverty\" class=\"wp-image-5431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/61-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/61-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/61-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/61.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the reasons why waqf is a perfect framework for SDG\u2019s poverty alleviation goals is that both waqf and SDGs are associated with development. The waqf role has been instrumental in developing societies and potentially it can serve as a catalyst in resolving the menace of under-development in contemporary times, which is all the seventeen SDG\u2019s goals aim to achieve. Waqf and SDGs share common goals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The inclusiveness of the SDGs\u2019 framework creates a common ground between SDGs and the Maqasid al-Shariah and perhaps the infusion of the Maqasid Al Shariah within the framework of Waqf-based development can automatically generate a point of conjunction between waqf and SDGs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Waqf_governance_and_management_framework\"><\/span><strong>Waqf governance and management framework<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/71-1024x536.png\" alt=\"Poverty\" class=\"wp-image-5433\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/71-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/71-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/71-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/71.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>According to AAOIFI standards (AAOIFI, 2017), the operation and management of waqf should consist of the following organs of governance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Waqif_Donor\"><\/span>1) Waqif (Donor)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A waqif is either an individual or a juristic person who donates the waqf, and he has a legitimate interest. Waqif is also a stakeholder in the waqf, subject to the terms and conditions in the waqf agreement (Deed). Waqif, as part of the waqf governance\u2019s organ, prepares the waqf deed by clearly stipulating the objective, vision and mission of the waqf&nbsp; waqif holds the right to either be in charge of the governance and management of the waqf (unless prohibited by the law of the respective jurisdiction) or appoint a nazir (Mutawalli), by which he may supervise the work of the waqf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Nazir_Mutawalli\"><\/span>2) Nazir (Mutawalli)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Every waqf must have a nazir (unless the waqif keeps the governance and management rights to himself in rare circumstances). A Nazir may either be part of a board of nazirs (strongly recommended by AAOIFI standard), an individual nazir, or a juristic person nazir, or a state nazir. Either group or individual shall hold the responsibility for a waqf, both legally and as per shariah principles and rules. The nazir shall also be responsible for governing, supervising and conducting waqf affairs and taking care of its development and sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Shariah_supervisory_function\"><\/span>3) Shariah supervisory function<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to AAOIFI, the shariah supervisory function of a waqf, taking into consideration nature and its relative size in terms of resources and operations shall generally comprise of Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) management\u2019s responsibility for shariah compliance which may include establishing an internal shariah compliance function and internal shariah audit functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Internal_Audit\"><\/span>4) Internal Audit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Those obligated with governance shall establish an internal audit function which shall functionally report to the audit committee or the nazir (if there is no audit committee) according to AAOIFI.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Administratively, the internal audit function shall report to the senior management. The internal audit function shall refer to the \u201cInternational Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing\u201d issued by the Institute of Internal Auditors. The internal audit function is responsible for measuring the reliability of financial and operational information compliance with regulations, internal standards, and policies of the waqf. They also assess the adequacy of the risk management function and relative efficiency and effectiveness of operations with the waqf management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_External_Audit\"><\/span>5) External Audit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The waqf management shall appoint an independent external auditor duly eligible to perform such services under the respective jurisdiction regulations and have the necessary competence and reputation to conduct an audit of the waqf\u2019s financial statements. The appointment of the external auditor is liable to the recommendation of the internal audit committee with authorisation from the waqif and nazir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"rns\" data-title=\"Waqf for Poverty Alleviation\" data-tags=\"\" data-categories=\"Ethis Updates,The Halal Journal\" data-comments=\"0\" data-date=\"1648544926000\" data-author=\"Anis Shakirah\" data-single=\"\" data-url=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/\"><\/div> <!-- Check out https:\/\/reactandshare.com -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Adnan Opeyemi Salaudeen: Poverty is one of the primary challenges of humanity. One of the most critical missions of the United Nations Sustainable Development &hellip; <span class=\"read-more-link\"><a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/waqf-poverty-alleviation\/\">Read More &rsaquo;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":5435,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":""},"categories":[1,2013],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pbDwgm-1py","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5428"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5428"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6413,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5428\/revisions\/6413"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethis.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}